Think Smart: How to Build Strong Arguments
A first introduction to claim, reason and evidence, spotting thinking traps, and telling opinion from fact.
Explore →ScienceTech Foothold helps students move from having opinions to building arguments — with a clear claim, a specific reason, real evidence and a fair look at the other side.
Reached through social media and digital outreach
Reached through offline fieldwork and classroom teaching
Absolute improvement across the classes evaluated
Members working on the field implementation
In classrooms we kept seeing the same thing: students had strong views, but when asked why, the answer stopped at "because it's true" or "everyone knows that." A clear claim, a specific reason, relevant evidence and a moment of considering the opposite view were often missing.
The gap isn't a lack of intelligence. It is a skill gap — and skills can be taught, practiced and evaluated.
ScienceTech Foothold began as a Class XII General Studies project at City Pride School, Nigdi Pradhikaran. Instead of submitting only a written report, the team ran a real classroom intervention: they observed the reasoning gap, designed a teaching module, collected baseline responses, taught the sessions, collected post-assessments and built a Machine Learning model, trained on IBM and ASAP AES argument quality scorer datasets, to compare the two consistently.
Every session is built around one simple, repeatable structure. Students learn it, practice it on real prompts, and check their own writing against it.
What are you actually trying to prove? One clear, specific sentence.
Why do you believe it? The logical bridge from claim to evidence.
What can actually support it — and how reliable is that source?
What would someone who disagrees say? Address it honestly.
What follows once all the evidence is considered — without absolute language.
The same evidence-first loop applies to viral messages, school debates, social media, everyday decisions and public claims. We teach students to run it on purpose.
The student team delivered in-person reasoning sessions to school students, reaching 500+ students through offline fieldwork. The documented General Studies intervention covered Standards 6, 7 and 8 at several schools and communities with structured instruction and matched pre/post assessment.
Students had opinions but lacked structure and evidence.
Structured curriculum plus comparable assessment prompts.
Collect baseline written responses before teaching.
Teach the framework, scientific thinking and reasoning traps.
Matched responses, evaluated on the same scale.
Grading hundreds of handwritten arguments by hand is slow and inconsistent. So the team developed a transformer-based NLP model that scores each written response on the same four dimensions — logical structure, reasoning depth, evidence quality and clarity — before and after the sessions.
The model was developed using academic argument-quality datasets, including the ASAP and IBM Argument Quality datasets, and deployed as the Argument Intelligence Analyzer. Its job is consistency: every student's pre- and post-response is judged by the same standard.
"Schools should reduce exams because frequent high-stakes testing pushes students toward memorisation. While exams give useful feedback, combining them with projects gives a fuller picture of understanding."
Students completed a pre-assessment before the sessions and a matched post-assessment after. Both sets were scored on the same reasoning scale using the same AI evaluation framework. Across the classes covered by the evaluated intervention, the average absolute gain was 21.5 percentage points.
Bars are illustrative of the gain, not raw score values. Documented matched-cohort gains shown.
Structured reasoning sessions across Standards 6, 8 and 9, plus 1,000+ students reached online.
Matched written responses scored on structure, depth, evidence and clarity by one consistent model.
Average absolute gain in logical reasoning across the evaluated classes.
Devang started ScienceTech Foothold with one question: can a short, structured intervention actually improve how students reason — and can we prove it? What began as a General Studies project became a documented classroom study, an AI-supported evaluation tool and an ongoing student-led initiative.
A first introduction to claim, reason and evidence, spotting thinking traps, and telling opinion from fact.
Explore →Question → Observe → Check Evidence → Conclude, applied to everyday claims, source reliability and cognitive bias.
Explore →Hidden assumptions, evidence quality, handling the other side, avoiding absolute language and self-checking your own argument.
Explore →We believe reasoning is a skill — and skills can be taught, practiced and measured. Bring a session to your school, volunteer with the team, or ask us about the research.
Step into an immersive ScienceTech Foothold experience designed to make scientific thinking, exploration and learning feel different.